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Firefighter Math: Table 2.2 Approximate Metric System Conversion Factors

To Change To Multiply by To Change To Multiply by
feet chains 0.0152 chains feet 66.0
feet meters 0.305 meters feet 3.280
yards meters 0.914 meters yards 1.094
miles kilometers 1.609 kilometers miles 0.621
square feet square meters 0.093 square meters square feet 10.764
square yards square meters 0.836 square meters square yards 1.196
square miles sq. kilometers 2.590 sq. kilometers square miles 0.386
acres sq. hectometers 0.405 sq. hectometers acres 2.471
cubic feet cubic meters 0.028 cubic meters cubic feet 35.315
cubic yards cubic meters 0.765 cubic meters cubic yards 1.308
fluid ounces milliliters 29,573.0 milliliters fluid ounces 0.034
pints liters 0.473 liters pints 2.114
quarts liters 0.946 liters quarts 1.057
gallons liters 3.785 liters gallons 0.264
ounces grams 28.349 grams ounces 0.035
pounds kilograms 0.454 kilograms pounds 2.205
short tons metric tons 0.907 metric tons short tons 1.102
pound-feet Newton-meters 1.365 ounce-inches Newton-meters 0.007062
pound-inch Newton-meters 0.11375      

Examples Using This Conversion Table:

To change feet to chains: Multiply feet by 0.0152
To change 124 feet to chains: Multiply feet by 0.0152
124 feet x 0.0152 = 1.88 chains = 1.9 chains

Temperature Conversion of Units:

°F =°Fahrenheit to °C =°Celsius        °C =°Celsius to°F =° Fahrenheit
°F = (°C x 9/5) + 32        °C = 5/9 x (F - 32)

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2026 Updates to the NWCG Standards for Wildland Fire Position Qualifications, PMS 310-1

Date: January 23, 2026
Questions? 
Please contact: Incident and Position Standards Committee

The Incident and Position Standards Committee has updated the NWCG Standards for Wildland Fire Position Qualifications, PMS 310-1.

These updates address changes to incident position names and requirements for qualification, training, and experience. Updates related to the implementation of Complex Incident Management (CIM) and Incident Performance Training Modernization (IPTM) are also included.

The NWCG Wildland Fire Position Qualification Flowchart, PMS 308 has also been updated to reflect the recent changes.

References:

NWCG Standards for Wildland Fire Position Qualifications, PMS 310-1

NWCG Wildland Fire Position Qualification Flowchart, PMS 308

IPSC Memo 26-01: January 2026 Updates to the NWCG Standards for Wildland Fire Positions Qualifications, PMS 310-1

Incident Business Committee Memo 26-01: Updated Emergency Equipment Shift Ticket, OF 297

Date: January 22, 2026
Questions? 
Please contact: Incident Business Committee

The Incident Business Committee (IBC) has released Memorandum 26-01: OF 297 and 2026 Fire Use. This memo informs the wildland fire community that the updated Emergency Equipment Shift Ticket, OF 297 is available for download and can be ordered through the Great Basin Cache.

Beginning January 15, 2026 the previous version of the OF 297 form has been discontinued.

For further details, please contact your IBC representative.

References:

Incident Business Committee Memorandum 26-01

Great Basin Cache

NEW! S-390, Introduction to Wildland Fire Behavior Calculations (Blended) Available Now

Date: December 22, 2025
Questions about RT-130? 
Please contact: Fire Behavior Subcommittee

NWCG is excited to announce that the new S-390, Introduction to Wildland Fire Behavior Calculations (Blended) training is now available on the Wildland Fire Learning Portal.

This third course in the series combines online and instructor-led training components aimed at individuals who are involved in planning, managing, and executing wildland fire and prescribed burn operations; who require a thorough understanding of fire behavior calculations to enhance effectiveness and safety. This includes students who require the knowledge and skill necessary to perform the duties of a Type 3 Incident Commander (ICT3), Division/Group Supervisor (DIVS), or Prescribed Fire Burn Boss Type 2 (RXB2).

Students are required to be qualified as any Single Resource Boss position and complete the prerequisite S-290, Intermediate Wildland Fire behavior (Blended) course, before enrolling in S-390.

References:

S-390, Introduction to Wildland Fire Behavior Calculations (Blended)

Wildland Fire Learning Portal

NEW! S-320, Introduction to Incident Management Teams (Blended) Available Now

Date: December 18, 2025
Questions about RT-130? 
Please contact: Incident and Position Standards Committee

NWCG is excited to announce that S-320, Introduction to Incident Management Teams (Blended) is now available on the Wildland Fire Learning Portal!

This blended course combines online learning with instructor-led training, designed for individuals seeking to build leadership skills and gain experience in incident management.

Students are required to complete the prerequisite trainings ICS-100, Introduction to Incident Command System (ICS), ICS-200, Basic ICS for Initial Response, and ICS-700, An Introduction to the National Incident Management System (NIMS) prior to attending S-320.

References:

S-320, Introduction to Incident Management Teams (Blended)

Wildland Fire Learning Portal